Pre-requisite:

• Tested Firmata example programs

Objectives:

• To understand what each statements does.

Descriptions:

• Declaring an Arduino Firmata variable

  // Firmata is using serial library, so you will need it to be included
  import processing.serial.*;
   
  // Also Firmata library needs to be included
  import cc.arduino.*;
   
  // Create an arduino object
  Arduino arduino;
   
  // If you need additional object (you have more than 1 arduinos connected)
  // Arduino arduino2;
  // You can name your own name or even make it array
  // Arduino arduinos[];

• Create the Arduino Firmata object 

  // In setup because it only need to be created once
  // If you want to create it dynamically, you can also put it in draw()
  // But if you do this, you need some logic to prevent it from being created over and over again
  void setup() {
    // Your window setup stuff
    // ...
  
    // Prints out the available serial ports.
    println(Arduino.list());
    
    // Modify this line, by changing the "0" to the index of the serial
    // port corresponding to your Arduino board (as it appears in the list
    // printed by the line above).
    arduino = new Arduino(this, Arduino.list()[0], 57600);
    
    // Alternatively, use the name of the serial port corresponding to your
    // Arduino (in double-quotes), as in the following line.
    // arduino = new Arduino(this, "/dev/tty.usbmodem621", 57600);
    // In addition, mac also can use arduino = new Arduino(this, Arduino.list()[5], 57600);
    // But the number is usually 5 for the first Arduino. When you run Arduino.list(),
    // it will print out all the serial ports available. The 1st one being indexed 0 as all arrays.
   
    // Other codes
    // ...
  }

• Setting pin modes 

  // You don't need to set pin mode for AD converter as they are usable by default
  // Suppose you declared the Arduino as "arduino" same as the examples
   
  // Set pin mode of pin x into Input
  arduino.pinMode(x, Arduino.INPUT);
   
  // Set pin mode of pin x into Output / PWM
  arduino.pinMode(x, Arduino.OUTPUT);
   
  // Set pin mode of pin x into Servo
  // Note that as PWM, the pin number has to have "~"
  arduino.pinMode(x, Arduino.SERVO);

• Reading and Writing Values 

  // Read from pin x into i
  int i = arduino.digitalRead(x);
  if( i == Arduino.HIGH ){  // if the input is HIGH
    // ...
  }
  if( i == Arduino.LOW ){  // if the input is LOW
    // ...
  }
  
  // Read from Analog in x
  int i = arduino.analogRead(x);  // i will be from 0 ~ 1023
   
  // Write value i to servo pin x
  int i = 90;  // i can be 0 ~ 180 for normal servos
  arduino.servoWrite(x, i);